The .325 chain file size is also different from the 3/8 chain file size . Install the new Oregon chain: Position the new chain on the bar, ensuring the drive links are correctly engaged with the sprocket. The drive link count is included in the saw chain part number, after the chain type designation (example . It's what you're calling tilt. That's what it is on semi-chisel. For 3/8 inch low profile and 1/4 inch pitch saw chain. Youll find different gauge sizes in the market, like .043-inch, .050-inch, .058-inch, and .063-inch. Can I use a different brand chain on my Stihl chainsaw? To locate that thoroughly inspect the whole chain from both sides. Oregon ($15.49) Forester ($15.69) Husqvarna ($17.15) Carlton ($29.95) Stihl ($31.80) Forester Carbide ($49.99) He adds this: Most of the chains tested are full-chisel but two are semi-chisel chains. It will be different than the other in some way or the other. Variety: Oregon offers a broad range of chain types and sizes, providing more options for users to choose from based on their specific needs. The, Time Limited: Join our woodworking contest on Facebook and Get 3 Free Woodworking Plans Instantly, Husqvarna 455 Rancher Review Is it Any Good? Cutter Type. (Read This First), Can a Chainsaw Gas Go Bad? This feature indicates the thickness of the drive links and must always match with the guide bars gauge. The easiest way to determine the pitch of your chain is to look at the number stamped on the drive link.. Chain Gauge is the Drive Link's thickness where it fits into the bar groove. Final Takeaways: How to Take a Link Out of a Chainsaw Chain in 2023? The Oregon M78 SpeedCut Saw Chain is ideal for arborists and property owners who want top performance. On the Oregon chains that require it, it gives the bits a 10 degree pitch into the wood. This bar and chain lube is specially compounded to provide extra high tackiness and prevent "throw off" even under adverse weather conditions. An ideal fit should match your saw's bar length, drive link count, pitch, and gauge. Can Chainsaws Overheat? A chain with more drive links will be stronger and less likely to break than a chain with fewer drive links. Drive links are the teeth on the chain that engage with the chainsaws sprocket to transfer power to the chain. If your chainsaw is worn-out and the identification number is all faded, we suggest getting the chains gauge measurement. This can also cause vibration and kickback. Take a nail thin enough the size of the rivet. However, most 20-inch chainsaw chains have 80 drive links. Oregon has several gauges for chainsaws - such as, .043", .050", .058" and .063". It is most appropriate for larger chainsaws, because of the enormous bar size. A spark plug is a key element for the proper functioning of a chainsaw. The gauge of the chain and the gauge of the bar must match. Fits chainsaw models from several brands including Makita, Echo, Husqvarna, Craftsman, Poulan and more Drive Link 4. Saw chain sharpening kit with all the necessary components for maintaining the chain including one assembled 5/32" file guide, two wooden file handles, one 5/32" round file, one flat file and one .025" drop-center depth gauge tool. Chainsaw professionals all over the world depend on Oregon saw chain for outstanding, rugged performance. . We and our partners use cookies to Store and/or access information on a device. It also indicates that the saw chain has a .050-inch gauge measurement. Cutter 2. Once its through move and rotates it around to loosen the bolt. .058". Rivet 3. A reshaped cutting surface allows you to get faster, easier cuts. The number on a chainsaw drive link is called the gauge. This 18" 3/8" Low-Profile chain features longer cutter top-plates for extended cutting life. Heres a tip: count the number of drive links in the chain you have now, and write that number down someplace where you can find it. Step 1: Removing the chain from the chainsaw, Step 3: Removing the link from the chainsaw. As you have removed the master link, you can now remove the required number of links from the chain to get the required length of the chain. Reply #14 on: January 17, 2020, 08:51:12 AM . What Chainsaws Do Professional Loggers Use? Sawinery is a one-stop source for anything woodworking-related. Pitch: 3/8 In. Oregon has several gauges for chainsaws - such as, .043", .050", .058" and .063". Know the Reasons, Should a Chainsaw Blade Get Hot? JavaScript is disabled. Need Help? Molten. From repairs, sales, equipment operation, and safety I can help you with your questions. An example of data being processed may be a unique identifier stored in a cookie. The three most common pitches for chainsaw chains are 0.325, 0.404, and 0.375. Now that you know what the number on a chainsaw drive link means, you might be wondering how to choose the right one for your saw. Pitch is important because the drive sprocket must be the same pitch as the chain, and if applicable, the bar nose sprocket. Remove the other one and pull apart the chain using two pliers or hold one side with something to keep make it steady and pull the chain apart. Yes, you can use an Oregon chain on a stihl chainsaw as long as the specifications, such as pitch, gauge, and drive links, align with the requirements of your particular chainsaws sprocket and guide bar. Once both links are removed the chain can be pulled apart using pliers. The number of drive links in a chain can impact the performance of your saw in a few different ways. Yes, it dies. Chaps are machine washable for repeated use. Do not operate this chainsaw unless you have extraordinary cutting needs and experience and specialized training for dealing with kickback. Oregon safety features greatly reduce the hazard of kickback while maintaining high cutting performance. Do drive links matter on chainsaw? Yes, you can use an Oregon chain on a stihl chainsaw as long as the specifications, such as pitch, gauge, and drive links, align with the requirements of your particular chainsaw's sprocket and guide bar. Or, if you have an Oregon chain in an Oregon box, the drive link count is stamped on the flap; you can save that flap for future reference. Or, if you have an OREGON chain, the drive link count is stamped on the gold ID link; you can refer to that gold ID link for future reference. Filing chart and instructions on the back of the package help to file chain properly. Rotate it clockwise or push it in using the tool. Chainsaw drive links are made up of two parts: the sideplate and the cutter. Join Our Woodworking Community on Facebook And Get 3 Woodworking Plans for Free! Here is information to help you determine the right saw chain fit-up for your chainsaw and the different chain types to meet the needs of different chainsaw users. The links are removed or replaced to tighten or shorten the chain by removing the damaged or loosened ones. The Oregon 18 inch S62 chainsaw chain is suitable for all 18-inch bar length chainsaw brands, including Echo, Husqvarna, Craftsman, Kobalt, McCulloch, Homelite, Remington, and Poulan. Chainsaw professionals all over the world depend on Oregon saw chain for outstanding, rugged performance. Saw Chain By Gauge. Contact Customer Service at 800-223-5168 or email us at oregon.support@oregontool.com, 2023 He pledges to come up with new knowledge about chainsaws every once in a while. It will make understanding the differences between our products effortless. his personal experience and loves to share their nitty gritty details with his audience. 2 x durable, low-kickback, low-vibration chains help reduce user fatigue for increased periods of work- For all chainsaws brands that run .325 Inch Pitch, .050 Inch (1.3 mm) gauge, 78 drive links To make sure you are getting the correct part feel free to call our Customer Service team at 1-800-223-5168. Keep your saw chain sharp and effective with this file guide and round saw chain file. Following are some creative ideas. Fits Husqvarna, Echo, Poulan, Craftsman, Echo and more. Chainsaws have spikes because it helps to stabilize the saw when, Read More Why Do Chainsaws Have Spikes? What angles did you use? Let us help you find the "right" chain and get you back to the cutting. https://youtu.be/vZGDNn8XLMY#chainsaw #woodcutting . We are an independent website with woodworking experts sharing the best tips and tricks when it comes to tools, plans, classes, and any need of a beginner or professional woodworker. An easy to use and maneuver chain, our Micro Chisel cutters have small-radius working corners for excellent performance and easy maintenance. The removal of the chain from the firewood chainsawand links from the chain would need the following tools, This tree-hunting tool should be handled with utmost care and precautions. Oregon safety features greatly reduce the hazard of kickback while maintaining high cutting performance. Oregon H78 20" saw chain Fits Husqvarna, Jonsered and More. (Things You May Not Know)Continue, Can a Chainsaw Run Backwards? Learn how to identify and replace chain by finding the chain pitch, chain gauge, and how to measure chainsaw chain. $8.96 $ 8. Chain Gauge. Use the wrench to turn the screw clockwise. Your drive link count has a direct correlation to your bars length. Oregon SpeedCut narrow kerf cutting systems are more efficient since this require less power from the saw than standard cutting systems. As mentioned earlier, how many drive links are in a 20-inch chainsaw chain depends on the pitch and the gauge of the chain. Also check a tooth once in awhile to make sure your wheel is formed right. Can I Use a Circular Saw to Cut Tree Roots? Need help with what chain will fit your chain saw we have drive link codes to cross to Oregon chain. Comfortable protection for your legs while logging or using your chainsaw. Any chainsaw that does not qualify as a low kickback cutting system will bear a warning such as: WARNING This chainsaw is capable of severe kickback that could result in serious injury to the user. Chain Low Kickback (ANSI), Durable, low-kickback, low-vibration chain helps reduce user fatigue for increased periods of work- For all chainsaws brands that run 3/8 Inch Pitch, .050 Inch (1.3 mm) gauge, 68 drive links, Fits these chainsaw models: Husqvarna 136, 137, 235E, 240, Echo CS-370, CS-400, CS-2800, CS-2900, Poulan 2150, 3816, Homelite 23AV, 3300, UT10586, UT10588 and other similar modelS, Precision, heat-treated semi-chisel chain cuts smoothly with a higher tolerance for debris. Regular chainsaw usage means youll eventually need to replace its metal links for better cutting operations. In many cases, Oregon offers multiple saw chain options for chainsaws. (Things Explained)Continue, The overall mechanism of the chainsaw is much like a motorcycle due to the fact that it has an engine and requires gas to run. 6. Cutter . LubriTec keeps your chain and guide bar oiled for less friction and longer life. Comfortable protection for your legs while logging or using your chainsaw. Also check a tooth once in awhile to make sure your wheel is formed right. Comfortable protection for your legs while logging or using your chainsaw. Moreso, it will also avoid engine and cutting issues in the long run. It is possible not to have a chain breaker at your disposal. This means you can only use a 16-inch chain on a 20 inch bar if the chain has the same pitch and gauge as the bar. (The Bible of Chainsaw Working)Continue, Chainsaws are one of the most important tools in the logging industry, used for felling trees, cutting them into logs, and preparing them for transport. How Tight Should a Chainsaw Chain Be? Why Oregon Chainsaw Chain Sharpeners? So before any dealing make sure. If the drive links are too short, they will not provide enough support for the chain. For a better experience, please enable JavaScript in your browser before proceeding. The length of your chain is determined by counting the number of drive links in your chain. Oregon understands that the need of woodcutters professionals and novices are as diverse as the terrains and environments in which they work.We have organized our saw chains and guide bars into product families with key characteristics that different users will value. Locate the damaged link. The consent submitted will only be used for data processing originating from this website. Resists build-up of deposits such as pitch, sap or gum. Comparing saw chain. However, most 24 inch chainsaw chains have around 88 drive links. You can also tell by comparing it with a new chain. The file guide securely grips the file and keeps it at the correct depth. 4 Solutions to Chainsaw Wont Start When Hot Problem in 2023, How to Cut a Hedge with a Chainsaw in 4 Easy Steps [2023], How to Replace Piston Rings on Chainsaw in 2023, How to Replace Brake Handle on a Chainsaw in 10 Easy Steps, How to Remove a Chainsaw Flywheel in 9 Simple Steps, How to Modify Chainsaw Muffler in 4 Different Ways, How to Mix 2-Cycle Gas for a Chainsaw in 2023 A Guide. You might also want to check the best chainsaw chains for hardwood here. (Things You May Not Know). Why Oregon Chainsaw Chain Sharpeners? The difference between .325 and 3/8 chains is their sizes. The number of drive links in a chain can impact the performance of your saw in a few different ways. PowerSharp is an easy-to-use, precision sharpening system that gives chainsaw users the power to sharpen their chain in a matter of seconds with a simple-to-use attachment. Make sure to have an extra chain as well in case everything goes south. Meanwhile, the -inch chains are known to be more durable and long-lasting. Chainsaws with significantly reduced kickback potential are available.Be sure to read the labels on a chainsaw before purchasing one. All you need to know is how to take a link out of a chainsaw. Get your smallest jobs done just right. Chain Pitch is the size of the chain, and is defined as the distance between any three consecutive rivets divided by two. For example, if the chain has a 0.325 pitch and a 0.050 gauge, there will be 72 drive links in a 16 inch chain. Here is information to help you determine the right saw chain fit-up for your chainsaw and the different chain types to meet the needs of different chainsaw users. Get The Answer. Go From dull to sharp in as little as 3 seconds. For more information go to www.P65Warnings.ca.gov, Learn More About Model # R45-21. You can read our article for a detailed procedure. This low-vibration chain helps to reduce fatigue when cutting for long periods. However, if the chain has a different pitch or gauge, the number of drive links will be different. This bar and chain lube is specially compounded to provide extra high tackiness and prevent "throw off" even under adverse weather conditions. Inspect and clean the bar and sprocket: Check for any signs of wear or damage on the bar and sprocket, and clean any debris or buildup. Thanks to this chart, even newbie users can identify the right chain for their saw by just looking at the measurement markings. This can cause the saw to vibrate excessively, and can also lead to kickback. Be careful; a bar made by Oregon may take a different drive link count than that of another producer. If you are interested in learning all this then keep on reading! In this article, we will cover the question of whether you can use an Oregon chain on a Stihl chainsaw. Left hand chainsaw protection is ideal for having your free hand protected and operating hand comfortable. . This bar and chain lube is specially compounded to provide extra high tackiness and prevent "throw off" even under adverse weather conditions. This is important as it helps to ensure that the chain stays tight on the bar, which in turn helps to prevent issues such as kickback. With their reputation for quality, durability, precision, and availability, Oregon chains are often considered a top choice for chainsaw users. Remember, selecting the wrong, This computation will lead you to the chains total size. If they are worn out or dont look like before that means that the chain needs maintaining. Once you have removed the chain, the next step is to locate and replace the damaged link. I have the cut times listed at the end. Some of the tips that you should know before getting started with the process include: Depending on the usage of any chainsaw there will come a time when it will dull down. Get The AnswerContinue, Read More The Ultimate Black Wood Stain GuideContinue, Read More Can I Use a Circular Saw to Cut Tree Roots?Continue, Read More Can a Chainsaw Flywheel Go Bad? After identifying the chains number, one of the first things you need to do is count the tools drive links. Bar - 78 Drive Links - fits Husqvarna and Mastercraft . Oregon chain is made in several pitches - 1/4" is the smallest, 3/8" is the most popular, and 3/4" is the largest. For professional loggers, having the right chainsaw can significantly improve their productivity, safety, and overall success. Contact Customer Service at 800-223-5168 or email us at oregon.support@oregontool.com, 2023 Your drive link count has a direct correlation to your bars length. This article will explore what chainsaws do professional loggers use and why they need, Read More What Chainsaws Do Professional Loggers Use?Continue. Again, this answer depends on the pitch and gauge of the chain. And remember the wheel will degrade and need set gradually deeper to maintain the consistent depth of cut into each incisor. Without proper awareness, you, It can be challenging to maintain alignment while holding the wood together at proper angles in woodworking. Do you have a grinder to, if so what kind ya got???? Not all saw chain and guide bar mentioned on the packaging or in search results will fit every version of equipment listed. Visualize a couple things my brotha orangatang. Step 3: Shorten The Chain. Our Oregon 12V Electric Chainsaw Chain Sharpener / Grinder is powerful, lightweight, and easy to use, with a sharpening angle adjustment guide included for accuracy. The twin corners of the cutters on the chain deliver superior . 4.2 out of 5 stars 7. Always order by the number stamped on the drive link of your old chain to assure correct gauge. The difference will give it away. Oregon Tool, Inc. All Rights Reserved. With a very blunt top plate angle, (5-10 degrees) on that Rapid Micro, you can make ripping chain. Sweet. Whether youre felling, limbing or topping big trees sharp, durable chainsaw chain makes all the difference. For saw sizes 38-62 cc that run .325 Inch Pitch, .050 Inch (1.3 mm) gauge, 78 drive links, Fits Echo, Husqvarna, John Deere, Jonsered, Poulan, Sears, and Shindaiwa chain saws, Designed for occasional chainsaw users including property owners and landscapers, Micro Chisel cutters with small-radius working corners for excellent performance in hardwood and easy maintenance, Built-in Lubri-Tec automatic oiling system extends the life of your chain by delivering oil to key parts of the chain so you can work smarter with less downtime and maintenance. Discover our simple tests, tips, and a step-by-step guide to keep your chainsaw in top shape! It cuts smoothly and meets safety standards like ANSI and UL kickback requirements. Resists build-up of deposits such as pitch, sap or gum. Below is a link . Tips for folks starting to sharpen their own chains. Firstly, the number of drive links will affect the balance of the saw. If they match the measurement, then it will be a perfect fit. Oregon chainsaw chain sharpeners work as hard as you do. 3/8 Chainsaw Master Link. We are compensated for referring traffic and business to Amazon and other companies linked to on this site. S62 Chainsaw Chain for 18 in. Hopefully, the answer we provided on do Oregon chains fit Stihl chainsaws or not is clear to you. Impact of the selected factors on the cutting force when using a. These factors include chain pitch, gauge, bar length, and the number of drive links. Skip chain - A skip chain arrangement is viewed as the standard arrangement. Fixing this tool can be done by oneself with the right tools and proper safety precautions. Remember, selecting the wrong size for your chainsaw could lead to less traction during the cutting operations. Best Chainsaw Gear: Our Battle-Tested Picks, Compatibility Between Oregon Chains and Stihl Chainsaws, Pros and Cons of Using Oregon Chains on Stihl Chainsaws, How to Properly Install an Oregon Chain on a Stihl Chainsaw. The low-vibration, low kickback chain offers outstanding performance. When you're grinding Oregon chain on that 520, set the proper, "down angle". Includes: 1 x Oregon 12V Sure Sharp Electric Chainsaw Chain Grinder/Sharpener, with 3/16", 5/32" and 7/32 sharpening stones, automobile adaptor and alligator clips, and a handy long cord (5 meters long). The gauge is a measure of the thickness of the metal used to make the drive link. Your drive link count has a direct correlation to your bars length. Know the ReasonsContinue, Read More Should a Chainsaw Blade Get Hot? Fits chainsaw models from several brands including Husqvarna, Echo, Poulan, Craftsman and more. - The Answer! The Oregon 12V Electric Chainsaw Chain Sharpener / Grinder sharpens most chainsaw chains up to .404" pitch. Oregon identifies and labels all low-kickback chain with green labels and all NON low kickback chain with yellow labels. Oregon Tool, Inc. All Rights Reserved, An Ideal choice for occasional users like property owners and commercial cutters. There are not many things that I have not seen in the business. The drive link count is included in the saw chain part number, after the chain type designation (example, 20BPX066, H66). How to tell if the chain of the chainsaw is out of shape? I've never played with the vise tilt on mine. The 0.050 gauge is the thinnest gauge available, and is typically only used on very small saws. Go from dull to sharp in just three seconds. Always order by the number stamped on the drive link of your old chain to assure correct gauge. High film-strength prevents wear or scuffing of chain links and bars while protecting metal parts against corrosion and rust. Secondly, the number of drive links can also affect the strength of the chain. Oregon A42 1/4" Pitch .050 gauge chainsaw chain is light-weight, smooth cutting and ideal for pruning. With all requirements in check, you can tighten and loosen your chainsaw and its chain. Lubritec keeps your chain and guide bar oiled for less friction . Pitch is important because the drive sprocket must be the same . These Oregon chaps featyre an Apron design, with 8 layers breathable warp knit chainsaw protection. Oregon's 72LGX072G Professional Chainsaw Chain for Loggers and Arborists. It is completely normal because, Read More Husqvarna 440 Review Pros and Cons ExplainedContinue, For those of you who are wondering how does a chainsaw work, this post is for you. The down angle is what makes Oregon chain self-feed the best. link to How Tight Should a Chainsaw Chain Be? Before starting make sure all the precautions are heeded. Youll find different gauge sizes in the market, like .043-inch, .050-inch, .058-inch, and .063-inch. Oregon Chainsaw Chain Links Parts Best Selling Oregon 18HX094E Harvester Chain Micro Chisel (1) $34.99 New Oregon S52 AdvanceCut Chainsaw Chain for 14" Bar - 52 Drive Links Fits Dolmar, Ryobi, Echo and More (95) $11.49 New Oregon 72 Rd 084 G 3 8 Pitch .050 Gauge 84 Drive Link Ripping Saw Chain (10) $44.50 New Use a wrench to loosen the nuts holding the blade. Woodland Part # Carlton Part # Husqvarna Part . You must log in or register to reply here. Can a Chainsaw Flywheel Go Bad? Common examples of drive length count are 70 for "D" or "72" chain and 56 for "S" or "91" chain.Note: Your drive link count correlates to your guide bars overall size, which can vary by manufacturer. Take Off The Required Number Of Links. For example, a Dolmar 24-inch chain has 90 drive links, while a Makita 24-inch chain has 89 drive links. 2023 Before installing an Oregon chain on your Stihl chainsaw, double-check the compatibility factors mentioned earlier, such as pitch, gauge, and drive links. That the chainsaw is unplugged or powered off. The length of your chain is determined by counting the number of drive links in your chain. Chainsaws can run backwards, but with diminished power. This can be done with the help of the mentioned tool. Patent protected features make PowerSharp a major advance over other sharpening methods. Fits Black & Decker, Makita and Worx. Chain Pitch is the size of the chain, and is defined as the distance between any three consecutive rivets divided by two. When your chainsaw requires extra pressure when using, produces smoke even after oiling or it starts cutting unevenly. The Truth. Meanwhile, the -inch chains are known to be more durable and long-lasting. I know they say they last a long time!!!! Pitch is important because the drive sprocket must be the same pitch as the chain, and if applicable, the bar nose sprocket. The Oregon 541662 18" PowerSharp starter Kit has everything you need to equip your saw chain with a fast, simple, and portable method for sharpening saw chain with precision. 46RS would be .404 .063 round ground chisel RS=rapid super. Oregon stands by you. do chainsaws have spark plugs? If the damage is not visibly obvious look for the loosened or tightened link. Check the user manual of your Stihl chainsaw for the correct bar length, slot width, and mounting pattern to ensure compatibility with the Oregon chain bar. They provide the necessary connection between the saw chain and the guide bar, ensuring a tight, safe and secure fit. 12 Inch Chainsaw Chain Replacement for Dewalt Chainsaw 20v Max, Dewalt 20v Chainsaw, Black Decker LCS1240, Dewalt chain saw DCCS620, DWRC1200 DW01DT612 90586162 RC1200 (3 Chains) VOXPO 12 Inch Chainsaw Chain R45 .043" Gauge 3/8" Pitch 45 Drive Links for Stihl Oregon 90px045G DeWalt DCCS620 Ryobi RY40500 Black & Decker LCS1240B Worx . Locate the loosened screw. The, Read More How Does a Chainsaw Work? Compatibility Between Oregon Chains . This 20", .325" pitch chain Fits Husqvarna and Mastercraft, Dealers: Oregon Dealer Support Center - USA, Distributors: Oregon Distributors Support Center - USA, WARNING: This product can expose you to chemicals including Nickel, which is known to the State of California to cause cancer. can a chainsaw run backwards? Any chainsaw that does not qualify as a low kickback cutting system will bear a warning such as: WARNING This chainsaw is capable of severe kickback that could result in serious injury to the user. The craftsmanship you put into your job or project requires solutions designed and built to exacting standards. When calculating the chains pitch, youll need to get the overall distance between 3 rivets and divide them into two. Oregon warrants its products to be free from defects in materials and workmanship for as long as they are owned by the original purchaser. Oregon Tool, Inc. All Rights Reserved, The Oregon S62 is designed to fit all chainsaw brands, with models that require a 3/8 Inch pitch, .050 Inch (1.3 mm) gauge, with 62 drive links. Be careful; a bar made by Oregon may take a different drive link count than that of another producer. Do not operate this chainsaw unless you have extraordinary cutting needs and experience and specialized training for dealing with kickback. Find a full selection of saw chain specifically made to fit your chainsaw. 1/4".043" (1.1mm) Semi-Chisel. The Oregon S56 is designed to fit all chainsaw brands, with models that require a 3/8 Inch pitch, .050 Inch (1.3 mm) gauge, with 56 drive links. Learn about chain sizing, recommended specs, maintenance tips, and more for optimal performance. The Oregon T62 VersaCut Saw Chain is ideal for arborists and orchardists who use lightweight saws but need professional-level performance. .050". Go to our dealer locator to find a servicing dealer near you. These Oregon chaps featyre an Apron design, with 8 layers breathable warp knit chainsaw protection. For example, if the chain has a 0.325 pitch and a 0.050 gauge, it will not fit on a 20 inch bar. But it gets pretty dangerous if its teeth-like chain loosens or is too long to fit the blade. Chain Gauge. Why Oregon Chainsaw Chain Sharpeners? Ensure the chains pitch, gauge, bar length, and drive links match those specified in your Stihl chainsaws user manual.