In 1997, the sister of the king of Great Britain, Princess Diana, died in a tragic car accident. [32], Diana's mythology incorporated stories which were variants of earlier stories about Artemis. Bedecked with jewels and purple robes, Diana appears as the subject of this 17th century Indian painting that bears distinctive European influences. Who now appeard but one continud wound. Apel, Thomas. Diana[a] is a goddess in Roman and Hellenistic religion, primarily considered a patroness of the countryside, hunters, crossroads, and the Moon. There are other Spirits on this Council, in addition to Spirit Guides and Guardian Angels. Remacle believed that demonic entities were present in the spring, and had caused it to run dry. Both the Romanian words for "fairy" Zn[107] and Snzian, the Leonese and Portuguese word for "water nymph" xana, and the Spanish word for "shooting target" and "morning call" (diana) seem to come from the name of Diana. [66] However, the Temple of Artemis at Ephesus had the same custom of the asylum. Apollo advised his mother from within the womb, telling her to seek the small and mysterious island of Delos. Additional evidence for surviving pagan practices in the Low Countries region comes from the Vita Eligii, or "Life of Saint Eligius", written by Audoin in the 7th century. [8][9] Cognates appear in Myceanean Greek di-wi-ja, in Ancient Greek dos (; 'belonging to heaven, godlike'), and in Sanskrit divy ('heavenly' or 'celestial').[10]. They write new content and verify and edit content received from contributors. Grimassi claims that there was a historical figure called "Aradia di Toscano", whom he portrays as the founder of a revivalist religion of Italian witchcraft in the 14th century. Areas of Influence: Diana was the Goddess of the hunt and wild animals. His new misfortune, and to tell his name COMPANY | THE DIANA TRADEMARK. [45] The sanctuary served an important political role as it was held in common by the Latin League. Though Diana was usually considered to be a virgin goddess like Artemis, later authors sometimes attributed consorts and children to her. [76][77][78], Based on the earlier writings of Plato, the Neoplatonist philosophers of late antiquity united the various major gods of Hellenic tradition into a series of monads containing within them triads, with some creating the world, some animating it or bringing it to life, and others harmonizing it. Her name is derived from the Greek words diviana, dium and dius, meaning "the shining one," "sky," and "daylight," respectively. The earliest known practitioners of Neopagan witchcraft were members of a tradition begun by Gerald Gardner. Kore embodied the "maidenly" principle of generation that, more importantly, included a principle of division where Demeter generates life indiscriminately, Kore distributes it individually. [86] Based on analysis of church documents and parishioner confessions, it is likely that the spirit identified by the Church as Diana or Herodias was called by names of pre-Christian figures like Holda (a Germanic goddess of the winter solstice), or with names referencing her bringing of prosperity, like the Latin Abundia (meaning "plenty"), Satia (meaning "full" or "plentiful") and the Italian Richella (meaning "rich"). Our editors will review what youve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. She is equated with the Greek goddess Artemis, and absorbed much of Artemis' mythology early in Roman history, including a birth on the island of Delos to parents Jupiter and Latona, and a twin brother, Apollo,[2] though she had an independent origin in Italy. "[100] (In Aradia, Diana is also credited as the creatrix of the material world and Queen of Faeries[101]). The deer may also offer a covert reference to the myth of Acteon (or Actaeon), who saw her bathing naked. Diana is the roman goddess of the hunt, open sky, the moon, conception and childbirth. Apollo is the only god in the classical pantheon to share the same name in both Greek and Roman traditions. In this belief system, Diana is said to have created the world of her own being having in herself the seeds of all creation yet to come. No Christian should presume to invoke the name of a demon, not Neptune or Orcus or Diana or Minerva or Geniscus No one should observe Jove's day in idleness. Diana was heavily based on Artemis, the Greek goddess of hunting and nature. Juno was a jealous partner who harbored grudges against her husbands lovers and their children. Her name reflects her nurturing personality as it means "earth mother" in Greek. Long before popular culture yielded such proficient female characters as Katniss Everdeen, Roman mythology held its own bow and arrow wielding huntress. Statuette of Diana the Huntress, from the first century CE. 1) The institution of the rex Nemorensis, Diana's sacredos in the Arician wood, who held its position til somebody else challenged and killed him in a duel, after breaking a branch from a certain tree of the wood. A spacious grotto, all around oer-grown For her tripartite personality, she was known as bothDiana TriformisandDiana Trivia. Diana is the Roman Goddess of the Moon and the Hunt. He also suggests by the garlanding of the dogs and polishing of the spears that no hunting was allowed during the festival. One of these is Charles Godfrey Leland's Aradia, or the Gospel of the Witches, which prominently featured Diana at the center of an Italian witch-cult. [12], Outside of Italy, Diana had important centers of worship where she was syncretised with similar local deities in Gaul, Upper Germania, and Britannia. As a fertility deity she was invoked by women to aid conception and delivery. Thompson suggested that Diana in her role as wild goddess of the hunt would have made a fitting consort for Cernunnos in Western Europe, and further noted the link between Diana as Proserpina with Pluto, the Greek god associated with the riches of the earth who served a similar role to the Gaulish Cernunnos. Privacy Policy. [85], Local clergy complained that women believed they were following Diana or Herodias, riding out on appointed nights to join the processions or carry out instructions from the goddess. Tragically, Actaeons hounds caught his new scent and attacked him. The twins were natural archers, and fiercely protective of their mother. Retrieved 19 February 2015. R. Lowe Thompson, for example, in his 2013 book The History of the Devil, speculated that Diana may have been linked as an occasional "spouse" to the Gaulish horned god Cernunnos. Diana is mentioned along with two other goddesses, Artemis, and subsequently Diana, is used as focal point in Artemis, track twelve of AURORAs 2022 album The Gods We Can Touch. Aradia in Sardinia: The Archaeology of a Folk Character. Diana and Actaeon: Metamorphoses of a Myth. Since ancient times, philosophers and theologians have examined the nature of Diana in light of her worship traditions, attributes, mythology, and identification with other gods. His new wife was his sister, Juno, the goddess of family, marriage, and children. Carlsen, J. DIANA Mayer & Grammelspacher GmbH & Co.KG, an airgun company, is named after Diana, the goddess of hunting. This religious complex is in turn supported by the triple statue of Artemis-Hecate.[17]. At the same time, however, she is seen as active in ensuring the succession of kings and in the preservation of humankind through the protection of childbirth. [79], Using the ancient Neoplatonists as a basis, Taylor also commented on the triadic nature of Diana and related goddesses, and the ways in which they subsist within one another, partaking unevenly in each other's powers and attributes. He was then in turn granted the privilege to engage the Rex Nemorensis, the current king and priest of Diana, in a fight to the death. Learn more about our mission. [87], Frazer's speculatively reconstructed folklore of Diana's origins and the nature of her cult at Nemi were not well received even by his contemporaries. 4060 in. Wicca is a peaceful, nature-based religion whose adherents revere Mother Earth and believe in the spiritual energy and balance of all things, including both masculine and feminine forms of deity,. No Christian should make or render any devotion to the gods of the trivium, where three roads meet, to the fanes or the rocks, or springs or groves or corners. She was incorporated into theRoman pantheonsometime during the sixth century BCE. Her cult there was first attested in Latin literature by Cato the Elder, in a surviving quote by the late grammarian Priscian. Nielsen, M. (2009). The earliest depictions of the Artemis of Ephesus are found on Ephesian coins from this period. [92] Historian Elliot Rose's A Razor for a Goat dismissed Aradia as a collection of incantations unsuccessfully attempting to portray a religion. [62] At Cuma the Sybil is the priestess of both Phoibos and Trivia. In the ancient, medieval, and modern periods, Diana has been considered a triple deity, merged with a goddess of the moon (Luna/Selene) and the underworld (usually Hecate). Grimassi claims that Leland's Aradia, or the . It can symbolize the paths hunters may encounter in the forest, lit only by the full moon; this symbolizes making choices "in the dark" without the light of guidance. Please reorganize this content to explain the subject's impact on popular culture. [5], Diana was often considered to be a goddess associated with fertility and childbirth, and the protection of women during labor. [69] Roman politicians built several minor temples to Diana elsewhere in Rome to secure public support. Diana was initially a hunting goddess and goddess of the local woodland at Nemi,[72] but as her worship spread, she acquired attributes of other similar goddesses. Georg Wissowa proposed that this might be because the first slaves of the Romans were Latins of the neighboring tribes. With hoary moss, and archd with pumice-stone.[1]. He performed and exorcism of the water source, and installed a lead pipe, which allowed the water to flow again. Like her Greek counterpart, she was also a goddess of domestic animals. Diana was often considered an aspect of a triple goddess, known as Diana triformis: Diana, Luna, and Hecate. In their worship of Artemis, Greeks filled their temples with sculptures of the goddess created by well-known sculptors, and many were adapted for use in the worship of Diana by the Romans, beginning around the 2nd century BCE (the beginning of a period of strong Hellenistic influence on Roman religion). She was associated with the moon, the woods, hunting, wild animals, and chastity. She was also the devoted mother of Persephone. In his sermons, he denounced "pagan customs" that the people continued to follow. The one exception seems to have been a temple on the Vicus Patricius, which men either did not enter due to tradition, or were not allowed to enter. In this tradition, the Nemi sanctuary was supposedly built on the pattern of an earlier Temple of Artemis Tauropolos,[44] and the first cult statue at Nemi was said to have been stolen from the Tauri and brought to Nemi by Orestes. Some women reported participating in these processions while their bodies still lay in bed. Diana, although a female deity, has exactly the same functions, preserving mankind through childbirth and royal succession. Though she was a Roman goddess, much of Dianas mythology and personality originated elsewhere. Witches Of The Craft. In these female-centric traditions, she is regarded as a nature goddess and revered as a source of wisdom, fertility, and regeneration. [63] Hesiod[64] and Stesichorus[65] tell the story according to which after her death Iphigenia was divinised under the name of Hecate, a fact which would support the assumption that Artemis Tauropolos had a real ancient alliance with the heroine, who was her priestess in Taurid and her human paragon. Diana, in Roman religion, goddess of wild animals and the hunt, identified with the Greek goddess Artemis. According to Gregory's report, worshipers would also sing chants in Diana's honor as they drank and feasted. Goddess Crystal: Moonstone Artemis ( Roman Diana) is the Greek Goddess of wild animals, hunting and childbirth. A unique and peculiar custom dictated that this priest be a runaway slave and that he slay his predecessor in combat. According to Proclus: Proclus pointed to the conflict between Hera and Artemis in the Illiad as a representation of the two kinds of human souls. Tobias Fischer-Hansen & Birte Poulsen, eds. At Versailles she was incorporated into the Olympian iconography with which Louis XIV, the Apollo-like "Sun King" liked to surround himself. Pp. Since the Renaissance, Diana's myths have often been represented in the visual and dramatic arts, including the opera L'arbore di Diana. [67] However, there is no compelling evidence for such an early construction of the temple, and it is more likely that it was built in the 3rd century BCE, following the influence of the temple at Nemi, and probably about the same time the first temples to Vertumnus (who was associated with Diana) were built in Rome (264 BCE). Her primary sanctuary was a woodland grove overlooking Lake Nemi, a body of water also known as "Diana's Mirror", where she was worshiped as Diana Nemorensis, or "Diana of the Wood". [86] In Leland's interpretation of supposed Italian folk witchcraft, Diana is considered Queen of the Witches. Other family-derived named attested in the ancient literature include Diana Cariciana, Diana Valeriana, and Diana Plancia. Goddess Diana Filed under: Goddess Spirituality 11 Comments August 17, 2012 "Artemis, Goddess of the Hunt" by violscraper "Diana's themes are fertility, children, providence, abundance and harvest. Much like the Greek Artemis, Diana began as a goddess of the hunt who later evolved into a lunar goddess. This care of infants also extended to the training of both young people and dogs, especially for hunting. This is due to a seeming reluctance or taboo by the early Latins to name underworld deities, and the fact that they believed the underworld to be silent, precluding naming. : ; , . [85], Diana was also a subject of worship in certain Feraferian rites, particularly those surrounding the autumnal equinox, beginning in 1967.[106]. "Forward". 2022 Wasai LLC. The Phrygians, first-born of mankind, call me the Pessinuntian Mother of the gods; the native Athenians the Cecropian Minerva; the island-dwelling Cypriots Paphian Venus; the archer Cretans Dictynnan Diana; the triple-tongued Sicilians Stygian Proserpine; the ancient Eleusinians Actaean Ceres; some call me Juno, some Bellona, others Hecate, others Rhamnusia; but both races of Ethiopians, those on whom the rising and those on whom the setting sun shines, and the Egyptians who excel in ancient learning, honour me with the worship which is truly mine and call me by my true name: Queen Isis. The spirits were said to enter houses and consume food which then miraculously re-appeared. (1932). .. No one should tell fate or fortune or horoscopes by them as those do who believe that a person must be what he was born to be. Diana finally found the teacher she needed in Goody Alsop . Shunning the company of mortals and gods, Diana preferred the solitude of the forests and kept the company of nymphs and woodland creatures. His list included Luna and Diana Lucina as separate entities. Moonstone helps you tap into your divine feminine power and harness lunar energy. A few Wiccan traditions would elevate Diana to a more prominent position of worship, and there are two distinct modern branches of Wicca focused primarily on Diana. Ginzburg, Carlo. Unlike many other deities in the Roman pantheon, Diana was adapted by Christians and incorporated syncretistically into the folk beliefs of peasant communities. Plutarch related a legend that a man had attempted to assault a woman worshiping in this temple and was killed by a pack of dogs (echoing the myth of Diana and Actaeon), which resulted in a superstition against men entering the temple. Ovid, Fasti, trans. Diana was also associated with the underworld and liminal zonesthe boundaries separating the living from the dead and the wild from the civilized. As a result, she became associated with many folk beliefs involving goddess-like supernatural figures that Catholic clergy wished to demonize. Herodias was often conflated with her daughter Salome in legend, which also holds that, upon being presented with the severed head of John the Baptist, she was blown into the air by wind from the saint's mouth, through which she continued to wander for eternity. [12] Early Roman inscriptions to Diana celebrated her primarily as a huntress and patron of hunters. [41], According to Plutarch, men and women alike were worshipers of Diana and were welcomed into all of her temples. These associations, and the fact that both figures are attested to in the Bible, made them a natural fit for the leader of the ghostly procession. Apel, Thomas. Some suggest she was the ruler of the night while Jupiter ruled the day. The hunt had gone well and the day had been hot, so Actaeon brought the hounds to a cool spring in a clearing of the dense wood. ", Later poets and historians looked to Diana's identity as a triple goddess to merge her with triads heavenly, earthly, and underworld (cthonic) goddesses. Diana. The first, founded during the early 1970s in the United States by Morgan McFarland and Mark Roberts, has a feminist theology and only occasionally accepts male participants, and leadership is limited to female priestesses. James George Frazer, Loeb Classical Library (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1931), 3:259275. Published versions of the devotional materials used by Gardner's group, dated to 1949, are heavily focused on the worship of Aradia, the daughter of Diana in Leland's folklore. Part of Diana and Matthew's mission when they time walked to 1591 London in the second season of A Discovery of Witches was to find Diana someone who could help her master her powers as a witch. The poet Statius wrote of the festival:[5], Statius describes the triple nature of the goddess by invoking heavenly (the stars), earthly (the grove itself) and underworld (Hecate) imagery. Hifler, Joyce. (2009). This tradition combines elements from British Traditional Wicca, Italian folk-magic based on the work of Charles Leland, feminist values, and healing practices drawn from a variety of different cultures. Varro mentions her in the list of deities to whom king Titus Tatius promised to build a shrine. After all, mythology is storytelling at its finest. In Leland, Charles G. "DIANA Mayer & Grammelspacher GmbH & Co.KG THE DIANA TRADEMARK." [20], The earliest epithet of Diana was Trivia, and she was addressed with that title by Virgil,[21] Catullus,[22] and many others. Part of its wall is located within one of the halls of the Apuleius restaurant. ..Do not observe auguries No influence attaches to the first work of the day or the [phase of the] moon. Omissions? Durga, the Hindu Divine Mother. [39] Diana was also worshiped at a sacred wood mentioned by Livy[40] ad compitum Anagninum (near Anagni), and on Mount Tifata in Campania. A few examples are: Amaterasu the Japanese Sun goddess. Actaeon, a young hunter, stumbled across the grotto and accidentally witnessed the goddess bathing without invitation. These in the hollow of her hand she took, Were building the worlds most authoritative, online mythology resource, with engaging, accessible content that is both educational and compelling to read. Within her divinity was produced the cause of the basic principle of life. The meaning of Tauropolos denotes an Asiatic goddess with lunar attributes, lady of the herds. Strabo's version looks to be the most authoritative as he had access to first-hand primary sources on the sanctuaries of Artemis, i.e. The twin archers Apollo and Diana, as depicted by famed German printmaker Albrecht Drer in the early 1500s. Ascended Masters Ascended masters are beings that have already lived on this earth, gone through a spiritual awakening but have become enlightened, awakened or have transcended the cycle of reincarnation. A polarizing figure in British culture, her death was a tragic event that resounded around the world. Diana had a huge number of half brothers and sisters; these includedMars, the god of war,Vulcan, the god of the forge, and Juventus, a god of youth and adolescence. Because Leland's claims about an Italian witch-cult are questionable, the first verifiable worship of Diana in the modern age was probably begun by Wicca. Through the third, she is considered to "hate the impulses arising from generation." She was to be only worshipped outside, in her domain. The temple stood near thepomeriumof Rome. She has the aspect of a maiden, and a beautiful and venerable young woman. mothered by the Goddess Artemis. Whatever her true origin, by the 13th century, the leader of the legendary spirit procession had come to be firmly identified with Diana and Herodias through the influence of the Church. [58] As far as Nemi's Diana is concerned there are two different versions, by Strabo[59] and Servius Honoratus. "On the Origin of Diana", Supposed Greek origins for the Aricia cult are strictly a. Poulsen, B. Thracian horseman, a hunting god on horseback. [5], Diana's role as a goddess of the underworld, or at least of ushering people between life and death, caused her early on to be conflated with Hecate (and occasionally also with Proserpina). On the mantel he painted an image of Diana riding in a chariot possibly pulled by a stag. Hera elevates rational living beings up to intellectual rational existence, whereas Artemis's power pertains to human life as far as its physical existence as a living thing. [45] Whatever its initial construction date, records show that the Avantine Temple was rebuilt by Lucius Cornificius in 32 BCE. Ogoun or loa, the Two-Spirit orisha who presides over fire, iron, hunting, politics and war .. None should call the sun or moon lord or swear by them. According to Franoise Hlne Pairault's study,[55] historical and archaeological evidence point to the fact that the characteristics given to both Diana of the Aventine Hill and Diana Nemorensis were the product of the direct or indirect influence of the cult of Artemis, which was spread by the Phoceans among the Greek towns of Campania Cuma and Capua, who in turn had passed it over to the Etruscans and the Latins by the 6th and 5th centuries BCE. In Frazer's theory, Diana functioned as a goddess of fertility and childbirth, who, assisted by the sacred king, ritually returned life to the land in spring. F. H. Pairault, in her essay on Diana, qualified Dumzil's theory as "impossible to verify". They were DianaDiana as huntress, Diana as the moon, Diana of the underworld. Within this system, Proclus considered Diana to be one of the primary animating, or life-giving, deities. According to the ancient Roman religion, Diana was the virgin goddess both of hunting and of wild and domestic animals themselves. In Campania, Diana had a major temple at Mount Tifata, near Capua. In Tobias Fischer-Hansen & Birte Poulsen, eds. This role carried a somewhat dark and dangerous connotation, as it metaphorically pointed the way to the underworld. The ancient Latin writers Varro and Cicero considered the etymology of Dna as allied to that of dies and connected to the shine of the Moon, noting that one of her titles is Diana Lucifera ("light-bearer"). He cites Plato in giving a three-form aspect to her central characteristic of virginity: the undefiled, the mundane, and the anagogic. "Trivia" comes from the Latin trivium, "triple way", and refers to Diana's guardianship over roadways, particularly Y-junctions or three-way crossroads. Leadership is by women, who may be ordained as priestesses, or in less formal groups that function as collectives. No one was allowed to break off its limbs, with the exception of a runaway slave, who was allowed, if he could, to break off one of the boughs. Janus was said to receive sacrifices before all the others because, through him, the way of access to the desired deity is made apparent. [103] The second Dianic tradition, founded by Zsuzsanna Budapest in the mid 1970s, is characterized by an exclusive focus on the feminine aspect of the divine, and as a result is exclusively female. An earlier variant of this myth, known as the Bath of Pallas, had the hunter intentionally spy on the bathing goddess Pallas (Athena), and earlier versions of the myth involving Artemis did not involve the bath at all.[33]. Aradia is a central figure in Stregheria, an "ethnic Italian" form of Wicca introduced by Raven Grimassi in the 1980s. [Do not] make vetulas, little deer or iotticos or set tables at night or exchange New Year gifts or supply superfluous drinks No Christian performs solestitia or dancing or leaping or diabolical chants. Associated with Diana at Aricia were Egeria, the spirit of a nearby stream who shared with Diana the guardianship of childbirth, and the hero Virbius (the Roman counterpart of Hippolytus), who was said to have been the first priest of Dianas cult at Aricia. "[88] Robert Ackerman wrote that, for anthropologists, Frazer is "an embarrassment" for being "the most famous of them all" and that most distance themselves from his work. This temple housed the foundation charter of the Latin League and was said to date back to King Servius Tullius (6th century bce). Accessed on October 18, 2019.http://classics.mit.edu/Ovid/metam.html. Godfrey Lienhardt noted that even during Frazer's lifetime, other anthropologists had "for the most part distanced themselves from his theories and opinions", and that the lasting influence of The Golden Bough and Frazer's wider body of work "has been in the literary rather than the academic world. Maurus Servius Honoratus said that the same goddess was called Luna in heaven, Diana on earth, and Proserpina in hell. Sanctuaries of Artemis and the Domitii Ahenobarbi. The work was likely painted during the reign of the Mughal emperor Jahangir (160527), an admirer of European art. Historically, Diana made up a triad with two other Roman deities: Egeria the water nymph, her servant and assistant midwife; and Virbius, the woodland god. [73], Along with Mars, Diana was often venerated at games held in Roman amphitheaters, and some inscriptions from the Danubian provinces show that she was conflated with Nemesis in this role, as Diana Nemesis. The goddess has survived, too, in the form of the Artemis or Diana archetypea young girl, often withdrawn from life, who bravely transgresses moral and physical boundaries. Tauropolos is an ancient epithet attached to Artemis, Hecate, and even Athena. Vulfilaic destroyed a number of smaller pagan statues in the area, but the statue of Diana was too large. Diana is considered a virgin goddess and protector of childbirth. If the house was in good order, they would bring fertility and plenty. Depicted in her trademark short tunic, this interpretation of Diana was unearthed in Roman Gaul (modern-day France). Through the second, she is the guardian of virtue. [86] Some of the local titles for her, such as bonae res (meaning "good things"), are similar to late classical titles for Hecate, like bona dea. [95] Religious scholar Chas S. Clifton took exception to Hutton's position, writing that it amounted to an accusation of "serious literary fraud" made by an "argument from absence".[96]. For example, Kore is said to embody both Diana/Hecate and Minerva, who create the virtuous or virgin power within her, but also Proserpine (her sole traditional identification), through whom the generative power of the Kore as a whole is able to proceed forth into the world, where it joins with the demiurge to produce further deities, including Bacchus and "nine azure-eyed, flower-producing daughters".[80]. This probably arose as an extension of her association with the moon, whose cycles were believed to parallel the menstrual cycle, and which was used to track the months during pregnancy. May my life force magnify you. Goddess of Nature, protectress of mountains and forests as well as wild animals such as deer. Tauropolai; Scholiasta ad Aristophanem. In Vulfilaic's account, after praying for a miracle, he was then able to single-handedly pull down the statue, at which point he and his group smashed it to dust with their hammers. Call your circle, asking Diana, Her animals, and your guides for assistance and support. Shortly after settling on the island, Leto found herself in the throes of labor. On the contrary, the water was enchanted to transform Actaeon into a stag. On the white one, you may carve Diana's name or a Goddess symbol. She was worshiped there as Diana Tifatina. Lucina is identified with it, which is why in our country they invoke Juno Lucina in childbirth, just as the Greeks call on Diana the Light-bearer. Diana was particularly important in the region in and around the Black Forest, where she was conflated with the local goddess Abnoba and worshiped as Diana Abnoba.[74]. Witchcraft scholar Jeffrey Russell devoted some of his 1980 book A History of Witchcraft: Sorcerers, Heretics and Pagans to arguing against the claims Leland presented in Aradia. Ecstasies: Deciphering the Witches Sabbath. In retaliation, Diana splashed him with water from the pool, cursing him, and he transformed into a deer. Accessed on 28 Apr. Tell, if thou canst, the wondrous sight disclosd, [61] According to the legend Orestes founded Nemi together with Iphigenia. One of these was built in the Campus Martius in 187 BCE; no Imperial period records of this temple have been found, and it is possible it was one of the temples demolished around 55 BCE in order to build a theater.