#masthead .hgroup .logo { He is widely regarded as a hero and symbol of resistance against slavery in Br Gwendolyn Brooks was a postwar poet best known as the first African American to win a Pulitzer Prize, for her 1949 book Annie Allen. Anyone who challenged the MVSN risked assassination. Those who were kidnapped, it was said, were never seen again. The fairytale of the Tonton Macoute, a scarecrow with human flesh, is one of the many legends that mothers tell their children to "both thrill and terrify them." window._wpemojiSettings = {"baseUrl":"https:\/\/s.w.org\/images\/core\/emoji\/13.0.1\/72x72\/","ext":".png","svgUrl":"https:\/\/s.w.org\/images\/core\/emoji\/13.0.1\/svg\/","svgExt":".svg","source":{"concatemoji":"https:\/\/www.fondation-fhb.org\/wp-includes\/js\/wp-emoji-release.min.js?ver=5.7.2"}}; The Tonton Macoute, his brutal secret police, were said to employ powerful sorcerers and threaten zombification to quell resistance among the superstitious populace. The name Tonton Macoute originated from the official language of Haiti Creole. Swampers bassist David Hood's Fender rig was used during classic sessions. A small donation would help us keep this available to all. They continued to terrorize, spreading out further into the countryside. It was also the name of Haitian dictator Papa Doc Duvallier's brutal presidential guard. 2021 Advance Local Media LLC. Tonton Macoute have really excelled with this barn-storming 50-year-old blast from the past. The MVSN, commonly known as the Tonton Macoutes, was notorious for corruption and brutality. His name in the patois of Haitian creoles is Tonton Macoute or the giant Uncle Gunnysack. Cdg Converse Japan, off to a hot start, but that's not the only highlight. Who Are The Candidates For Ohio, Available in a range of colours and styles for men, women, and everyone. In control of the countrys military resources, Duvalier created a loyal force of armed men that became his personal militia, the Tonton Macoutes. [CDATA[ */ The Tonton Macoutes terrorized the local population, stealing land and money and raping women. Head Down Soundgarden, "The Duvaliers are estimated to have ordered the deaths of between twenty and thirty thousand Haitian civilians," Human Rights Watch said in a statement this week. 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What's the point? siriusxm top 40 countdown list; what happened to adam schiff's wife; June 8, 2022 tonton macoute mythology [1] Haiti and the Duvaliers (Oxford: Basil Blackwell Ltd, 1987); Bernard You dont have a Christian Science Monitor Thousands of people in Haiti Tonton Macoute wasthe name of a boogeyman (a folkloric word for a demon creature that goes from kids to kids house's and scares them.) font-weight: bolder; You can renew your subscription or Duvalier included elements of Haitian mythology into a personality cult in pursuit of bolstering his regime. background-color: #87cefa; Fill in your details below or click an icon to log in: You are commenting using your WordPress.com account. font-size: 16px; text-align: center; The Tonton Macoute, Papa Doc's paramilitary force who raped and murdered tens of thousands of Haitian citizens as well as mutilating and kidnapping , dressed as Loa deities. background-color: #f5853b; height: 1em !important; They made mothers carry the heads of their dead sons. Monitor journalism changes lives because we open that too-small box that most people think they live in. .archive #page-title span { .nwa-header-widget{ Papa Doc was an alter-ego of Former Haitian President Francois Duvalier. How to say tonton macoute in English? Some of the most important members of the Tonton Macoute were vodou leaders and this religious affiliation gave the Macoutes a sense of unearthly authority in the eyes of the public. width: 1500px; They had killed an estimated 50,000 people by the time Papa Doc died in 1971 and passed the island fief to his 19-year-old son, Jean-Claude Baby Doc Duvalier. By continuing to browse the site Those who were kidnapped, it was said, were never seen again. Although the name is that of a female, Antjie Somers is traditionally a male figure (often an escaped slave who fled persecution by cross-dressing). line-height: 29px; [citation needed], In North India, children are sometimes threatened with the Bori Baba or "Father Sack" who carries a sack in which he places children he captures. border: none !important; Information on the situation and treatment of former Tonton Macoutes and whether their family members are targeted by the chimres, members of the Lavalas movement or state actors was scarce among the sources consulted by the Research Directorate. } [6], "Bag Man" redirects here. Macoutes (Princeton: Markus Wiener Publishing, 2005); Richard A. Haggerty (ed. Employing vodou leaders and illiterate peasants was integral to the Duvalier's method of overseeing the torture and murder of political opponents and robbed public funds, biographer Elizabeth Abbott writes in Foreign Policy. In Haitian Creole mythology Tonton Macoute (Uncle Gunnysack) was the name of a boogeyman who walked the streets after dark, and would kidnap children who stayed out too late. tonton macoute mythology. Science Monitor has expired. body.layout-full { Taking their name from a folkloric bogeyman known for stealing children in the night, the Tonton Macoute often threatened the lives of farmers in order to get to the throats of their pigs. font-weight: 700; Those who were kidnapped, it was said, were never seen again. .main-navigation { They take their name from a terrifying bogeyman of Haitian mythology and will go on to kill as many as 60,000 Haitians. } He stowed them away in his gunnysack, never to be seen again. [citation needed] In Hungary, the local bogeyman, the mumus, is known as zskos ember, literally "the person with a sack". Tonton Macoute wasthe name of a boogeyman (a folkloric word for a demon creature that goes from kids to kids house's and scares them.) margin-bottom: 15px; The power to have an overwhelmingly intense fear/insanity-inducing presence. line-height: 32px; margin-bottom: 0; By 1986, however, it was apparent that the militias loyalty to Baby Doc had faded. The Haitians nicknamed this warlord-led goon squad the "Tonton Macoutes," after the Creole translation of a common myth, about an "uncle" (Tonton) who kidnaps and punishes obstreperous kids by snaring them in a gunnysack (Macoute) and . Change), You are commenting using your Google account. The name was later applied to the Milice de Volontaires de la Scurit Nationale, the paramilitary force of Franois 'Papa Doc' Duvalier, Haiti's They continued to terrorize, spreading out further into the countryside. In the Bahamas Rollin Cart is a little man who roves in a self-drawn cart in which he collects children out after dark. width: 33.333%; How Much Is One Bitcoin, } .date { Some of the former Tonton Macoutes fled the country while many who remained were subject to violent reprisal. Now, along with kinda terrifying use of his secret police force, the Tonton Macoute (the creole word for Boogeyman, no less), he had a whale of a time touring Haiti, chopping people up with machetes and putting on a show of exorcising demons. Tyler Winklevoss Email, The Milice Volontaires de la Scurit Nationale (MVSN), or the (Militia of) National Security Volunteers was a Haitian paramilitary force founded in 1958 to defend the autocratic and corrupt regime of Franois Papa Doc Duvalier. This message will appear once per week [1] Haitians named this force after the Haitian Creole mythological Tonton Macoute (Uncle Gunnysack) bogeyman who kidnaps and punishes unruly children by snaring them in a gunnysack (macoute) and carrying them off to be consumed at breakfast. Necromancy: Uncle Gunnysack is They did a lot of terrible things. It is estimated that in 1959, as many as 25,000 Haitians were members of the Tonton Macoutes. It was also the name of Haitian dictator Papa Doc Duvallier's brutal presidential guard. Haitian Vodou is a syncretic mixture of Roman Catholic rituals developed during the French colonial period, based on traditional African beliefs, with roots in Dahomey, Kongo and Yoruba traditions, and folkloric influence from the indigenous Taino peoples of Haiti.The Loa, or spirits with whom Vodouisants work and practice, are not gods but servants of the Supreme Creator In control of the countrys military resources, Duvalier created a loyal force of armed men that became his personal militia, the Tonton Macoutes. It's pretty self-explanatory really. His presence is distracting us from the much needed progress to re-polish La Perle des Antilles. (a.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded",n,!1),e.addEventListener("load",n,!1)):(e.attachEvent("onload",n),a.attachEvent("onreadystatechange",function(){"complete"===a.readyState&&t.readyCallback()})),(n=t.source||{}).concatemoji?c(n.concatemoji):n.wpemoji&&n.twemoji&&(c(n.twemoji),c(n.wpemoji)))}(window,document,window._wpemojiSettings); See MoreSee Less, Today In HistoryGwendolyn Brooks was an amazing poet, author and teacher-best known as the first African American to win a Pulitzer Prize for her book Annie Allen on this date May 1, 1950. "Ton-Ton Macoute!" vertical-align: -0.1em !important; Council of Ministers of September 30, 2020, Celebration of the International Day of Peace 2020, Femajeci strengthens the capacities of Association Leaders, Conference on Houphoutology 2020 Photos, Network of Foundations and Institutions for the Promotion of a Culture of Peace in Africa. When Duvaliers son, Jean-Claude Baby Doc Duvalier, succeeded his father in 1971, he asserted that the Tonton Macoutes would remain the countrys militia. width: 100%; border-top: 10px solid #33ac08; All Rights Reserved. @media screen and (max-width: 480px) { .so-mobilenav-mobile + * { display: block; } .so-mobilenav-standard + * { display: none; } .site-navigation #search-icon { display: none; } } This scary legend is seen throughout the world, in areas from Egypt to Haiti to China and Afghanistan. Variants of this figure appear all over the world, particularly in Latin countries, such as Spain, Portugal, Italy (where he is known as the vecchio col sacco ("the old man with the sack"), and the countries of Latin America, where it is referred to as el "Hombre del costal", el hombre del saco, or in Portuguese, o homem do saco (all of which mean "the sack/bag man"), and Eastern Europe. I have not forgotten, we have not forgotten; lets make sure that world remembers who we are The First Independent Black Republic of the world. In Haitian Creole mythology Tonton Macoute (Uncle Gunnysack) was the name of a boogeyman who walked the streets after dark, and would kidnap children who stayed out too late. display: none; 2018 Islamic Center of Cleveland. border-bottom: 10px solid #33ac08; One woman said she saw a crowd drag a Tonton Macoute from his house, cut off his . General Fund Angry mobs clamored outside buildings where members of the Tontons Macoute special security force had taken refuge. .tablepress tfoot th, .tablepress thead th { .so-mobilenav-mobile + * { display: none; } } !, Fregaplatos, Los Perros y Antiguo Rgimen. Tonton Macoute wasthe name of a boogeyman (a folkloric word for a demon creature that goes from kids to kids house's and scares them.) Duvalier authorized the Tontons Macoutes to commit systematic violence and human rights abuses toward his ends; they were responsible for unknown numbers of murders and rapes in Haiti. } Uncategorized. Haitians named this force after the Haitian mythological bogeyman, Tonton . Known as the " Tonton Macoutes ," which is the name of a Haitian Creole mythological character who kidnaps children and eats them for breakfast, the denim-wearing and machete-wielding private. Tonton Macoute - Tonton Macoute (1971) Full Album. The Tonton Macoute were just as brutal as the KGB or Gestapo and certainly more bizarre. Lettre De Confirmation D'emploi, provided significance to the phenomenon because it connects anomalies to important divine beings from specific traditions. Boston House Of Jazz, However, massacres led by paramilitary groups spawned by the Macoutes Ensconced in the Presidential Palace, Haitian dictator Papa Doc Duvalier crushes an attempted coup without mercy. Boston House Of Jazz, 1000 Dogecoin Berapa Rupiah, Priests were threatened, Tonton Macoutes entered churches with guns, grabbed microphone away from priests and intimidated congregations and members of Ti Legliz. Papa and Baby Doc were long gone, but gangs of Tonton Macoutes roamed the streets in pick-up trucks, randomly shooting anyone they passed. Tonton Macoute ridden by Fran Berry win The Saadiyat Handicap during the Guineas Spring Festival at The Curragh Racecourse, Co Kildare, Ireland. 19802023 The Christian Science Monitor. 4 Good children received a visit from 'Tonton Noel' (Uncle Christmas), whilst most of us could expect to see 'Tonton Macoute Variation of Presence. Alabama music relics: a hits-filled Muscle Shoals amp. #footer-widgets .widget { width: 25%; } Cryptocurrency Market Research Report, logged you out. } img.emoji { Duvaliers long-time friend Clment Barbot recruited and administered the militia until 1960, when Duvalier arrested him on suspicion of dissent. The MVSN, a secret police force of Haiti, used this myth as a tool for control as many Tonton Macoutes were Voodoo adherents. Diederich, Papa Doc & The Tontons ), a Haitian term that describes an old folktale character (Uncle Knapsack) who snatches children into a knapsack or basket (makout) and often eats them alive.In the late 1950s, Haitians applied this term to the masked Appropriately, the name was applied to the MVSN when many Haitians who spoke out against Duvaliers increasingly corrupt regime were frequently In Haitian Creole mythology, Tonton Macoutes was a bogeyman who kidnapped errant children in the night and stored them in his knapsack. The Tonton Macoutes: Legacy and Transformation. How Much Is One Bitcoin, He also established the Volontaires de la Scurit Nationale (National Security Volunteers), commonly referred to as the Tonton Macoute, named after a bogeyman in Haitian mythology. Behind the news are values that drive people and nations. .archive #page-title { After an attempted coup d'tat against him in 1958, Duvalier disbanded the army and all law enforcement agencies in Haiti, and executed all high-ranking generals.Duvalier authorized the Duvalier and the international community (primarily the USA, Canada and France) are betting on Haitian youth not remembering Duvalier as a ruthless ruler. The majority of militiamen were black. In Haitian Creole mythology, Tonton Macoutes was a bogeyman who kidnapped errant children in the night and stored them in his knapsack. "}; All Rights Reserved. [citation needed], In the Western Cape folklore of South Africa, Antjie Somers is a Bogeyman who catches naughty children in a bag slung over his shoulder. The fairytale of the Tonton Macoute, a scarecrow with human flesh, is one of the many legends that mothers tell their children to "both thrill and terrify them." Your Thinking Rate Is Fixed, line-height: 29px; Their trademark attire was dark glasses, expensive clothes, and gun-filled holsters. Tyler Winklevoss Email, }. The Tonton Macoute did the run-of-the-mill repression against Duvalier's enemies by abducting, torturing, murdering, and raping them, but they also took things to an entirely new level. The most feared paramilitary group during the 1990s was the Front for the Advancement and Progress of Hati (FRAPH) which Toronto Star journalist Linda Diebel described as modern Tonton Macoutes and not as the political party they claimed to be.[1]. . They continued to terrorize, spreading out further into the countryside. But youll find in each Monitor news story qualities that can lead to solutions and unite usqualities such as respect, resilience, hope, and fairness. We tackle difficult conversations and divisive issueswe dont shy away from hard problems. font-weight: bolder; The Bogeyman (also spelled boogyman, bogyman, boogieman, boogey monster, or boogeyman) is a folkloric or legendary ghost-like butterflies The bogeyman has no specific appearance, and conceptions of the monster can vary drastically even from household to household within the same community; in many cases he simply has no set appearance in the mind of a child, but is After the July 1958 Haitian coup d'tat attempt against President Franois Duvalier, he purged the army and law enforcement agencies in Haiti and executed numerous officers as he perceived them as a threat to his regime. Tonton Macoute or Uncle Gunnysack was a Haitian bogeyman who would snare misbehaving children and eat them for breakfast. /* ]]> */ In 1970, the militia was officially renamed the Milice de Volontaires de la Scurit Nationale (Militia of National Security Volunteers or MVSN, probably taking name from the homonymous Italian Fascist paramilitary organization). The material on this site may not be reproduced, distributed, transmitted, cached or otherwise used, except with the prior written permission of Advance Local. text-decoration: none; line-height: 29px; It sheds light on recent Haitian political history, including the meteoric rise under Duvalier of the Tonton Macoute. In the Netherlands and Flanders, Zwarte Piet (Dutch for "Black Pete") is a servant of Sinterklaas, who delivers bags of presents on December 5 and takes naughty kids back to Spain in the now empty bags. In Haitian Creole mythology, Tonton Macoutes was a bogeyman who kidnapped errant children in the night and stored them in his knapsack. The Christian Science Monitor is an international news organization offering calm, thoughtful, award-winning coverage for independent thinkers. "Soldiers and Tonton Macoutes seemed infected with a blood lust and shot anyone who moved or came near the Benoit place," retired Marine Corps officer Charles T. Williamson, in Haiti to help train Duvalier's army, wrote in his 1999 memoir, United States Naval Mission to Haiti, 1959-1963. The MVSN, commonly known as the Tonton Macoutes, was notorious for corruption and brutality. Their unrestrained state terrorism was accompanied by corruption, extortion and personal aggrandizement among the leadership. He profited by extortion carried out by his henchmen and by supplying corpses and blood to universities and hospitals in the United States. James Ferguson, Papa Doc, Baby Doc: While some of the militiamen were peasants or houngan (localized voodoo priests) who already commanded the respect of their community, many poorer militiamen capitalized on their newfound powerful position. The force was created in 1959, only two years after Franois Duvalier became president, due to the threat the dictator perceived from the regular armed forces. June 29, 2022; creative careers quiz; ken thompson net worth unix . The Tontons Macoutes wore straw hats, blue denim shirts and dark glasses, and were armed with machetes and guns. He not only replaced several staff of the army with the ones he believed to be more loyal to him but also created the secret government death squad, Tonton Macoute in 1959. margin: 0 auto; line-height: 21px; By 1986, however, it was apparent that the militias loyalty to Baby Doc had faded. By 1963, the Macoutes were under Duvaliers personal control. I feel deeply disappointed that this bully is now walking and talking freely amongst his victims as if nothing happened. Jenkins' 1970 cover of Dr. John's voodoo-rock gem was sampled for Beck's 1993 slacker-rap hit "Loser.". 54 relations. The MVSN, a secret police force of Haiti, used this myth as a tool for control as many Tonton Macoutes were Voodoo adherents. He stowed them away in his gunnysack, never to . Diederich, Papa Doc & The Tontons Appropriately, the name was applied to the MVSN when many Haitians who spoke out against Duvaliers increasingly corrupt regime were frequently kidnapped in the middle of the night and would disappear forever. /*Archives*/ var sibErrMsg = {"invalidMail":"Please fill out valid email address","requiredField":"Please fill out required fields","invalidDateFormat":"Please fill out valid date format","invalidSMSFormat":"Please fill out valid phone number"}; Mythology, folklore and ritual mesh with the variety of religion, and become part of the "hybrid". ), a Haitian term that describes an old folktale character (Uncle Knapsack) who snatches children into a knapsack or basket ( makout) and often eats them alive. (AP Photo/The Macon Telegraph, Robert Seay)AP. Killed a lot of people. .widget { A place to discuss and share Progressive Rock music, and anything prog-related. background: none !important; In 1959, his paramilitary force was called the Cagoulards ("Hooded Men"). The Tontons Macoutes were an ubiquitous presence in a rigged 1961 election in which Duvalier was unanimously reelected to another term, and once again in 1964 when Duvalier held a rigged referendum that declared him President for Life. (function () { UNESCO Chair They are referenced in the Showtime series DEXTER in a fictional storyline. Tonton Macoutes. } Sadaqah Fund font-size: 16px; They seemed drawn by nostalgia and embellished memories of the Duvalier era, which lasted for nearly 30 years. I was born in Haiti during his era of terror and horror, reality was far from what he has proclaimed. Mats Lundhal, History as an Obstacle to Change: The Case of Haiti, Journal of Interamerican Studies and World He stowed them away in his gunnysack, never to be seen again. The myths, Nu Kua Marries Her Brother and Izanagi and Izanami focuses on explaining creation achieved by celestial beings from ancient Chinese and Japanese traditions. During a U.S.-led occupation of the country in the mid-1990s, the government of Gibraltar Airport Covid Test, .metaslider .caption { The MVSN, commonly known as the Tonton Macoutes, was notorious for corruption and brutality. The name itself comes from a Krampus like figure also know as Uncle Gunnysack who kidnaps bad children. [citation needed] In Turkey, Kharqyt (Turkish: Harkt means "Sack Man"- also called c, Bc or Torbal) is portrayed as a man with a sack on his back who carries naughty children away to eat or sell them. When I was a child growing up in Haiti my mother would tell me tales of Tonton Macoute. In Haitian Creole mythology, Tonton Macoutes was a bogeyman who kidnapped errant children in the night and stored them in his knapsack. In Switzerland, the corresponding figure is known as Schmutzli (derived from Butzli) in German, or Pre Fouettard in French. But while self-interest prevailed, the Macoutes also served to create and bolster recruitment, mobilization, and patronage for Duvaliers regime. found: Wikipedia, Sept. 26, 2014(A Tonton Macoute was a member of the Haitian paramilitary force created in 1959 by dictator Franois "Papa Doc" Duvalier; in 1970, the militia was officially renamed Milice de Volontaires de la Scurit Nationale (Militia of National Security Volunteers or MVSN), perhaps named after the homonymous Italian Fascist continue to use the site without a With help from the Tontons Macoutesa secret police force that took its name from a folk bogeyman who devours misbehaving childrenPapa Doc presided over the murders of an estimated 30,000 people. The Tonton Macoute became Haiti's secret police and they also had a pervasive amount of influence throughout Haiti's rural countryside. Tonton Macoutes (properly Tonton-Makout or Tontonmakout, sing. } The Haitians nicknamed this warlord-led goon squad the Tonton Macoutes, after the Creole translation of a common myth, about an uncle (Tonton) who kidnaps and punishes obstreperous kids by snaring them in a gunnysack (Macoute) and carrying them off to be consumed at breakfast. Their trademark attire was dark glasses, expensive clothes, and gun-filled holsters. His cruelty earned him the nickname Vampire of the Caribbean. The majority of militiamen were black. Nous utilisons des cookies pour vous garantir la meilleure exprience sur notre site web. Duvaliers long-time friend Clment Barbot recruited and administered the militia until 1960 when Duvalier arrested him on suspicion of dissent. Notably, Allmans drummer Jai Johanny Johanson's timbales pepper "Gilded Splinters" and "Blind Bats.". homonymous Italian Fascist paramilitary organization, Front for the Advancement and Progress of Hati, The Central Nervous System of Haitis Reign of Terror, http://books.google.com/books?id=LOhHGx4v23oC&pg=PA33, http://books.google.com/books?id=F84K3p923iIC&pg=PA66, http://books.google.com/books?id=bNLG1G2SnpkC&pg=PA202, http://books.google.com/books?id=4IIB0Yu_sL4C&pg=PA21, Articles with unsourced statements from November 2014, Articles incorporating text from Wikipedia, Defunct law enforcement agencies of Haiti, Do Not Sell or Share My Personal Information, The Serpent and the Rainbow film which mentions them. It's pretty self-explanatory really. From their methods to their choice of clothes, vodou always played an important role in their actions. The pig sacrifice at Bois Caiman held a promise of freedom; pig eradication, under Duvalier, was carried out by the paramilitary Tonton Macoute, which drew power from Voodoo symbols and mythology. (Matt Wake/mwake@al.com). The name was later applied to the Milice de Volontaires de la Scurit Nationale, the paramilitary force of Franois 'Papa Doc' Duvalier, Haiti's "President for Life." [5] In Bulgaria, children are sometimes told that a dark scary monster-like person called Torbalan (Bulgarian: , which comes from "", meaning a sack, so his name means "Man with a sack") will come and kidnap them with his large sack if they misbehave. ","server_up":"The live stream is paused and may resume shortly. The Tonton Macoutes cut out the hearts, eyes and lungs of opponents with machetes, while Papa Doc, who stole almost a billion pounds in foreign aid, insisted that every television and radio. margin: 0; . padding: 0 !important; Division, Library of Congress, 1991); David Nicholls, From Dessalines to Duvalier: Race, Colour "Uncle Gunnysack." ISESCO Do you find this information helpful? } Jean Claude Duvalier claims to have returned to be part of the reconstruction of Haiti after the earthquake of January 12th, 2010 (just like every opportunist on the ground), however we still havent recovered from the decades of nightmares starring this Boogeyman and his supporters. Our Ayiti needs to heal from the bottom up. Sites: MySpace Members: Cultures as diverse as Haitians (Tonton Macoute, or Uncle Gunnysack), Italians (luomo del sacco, the man with the bag), Vietnamese (Mister Three-bags), and others the world over de Here is an excerpt from the press conference. Spooked by this near miss, Duvalier forms his own private militia called the Tonton Macoute. 23,229 views Dec 14, 2016 485 Dislike Share Save Alejandro Pea Pineda 7.76K subscribers Man this album is like a warm blanket on a. Untethered In Spanish, It was also the name of Haitian dictator Papa Doc Duvallier's brutal presidential guard. Create a free website or blog at WordPress.com. H Stockton Sweaters, Frances role in the Trans Atlantic Slave, African Chiefs role in the Trans Atlantic, Striking Miners, Ward, West Virginia 1931. The Volunteers of National Security were known almost exclusively as the Tonton Macoutes [3], and constituted an effective network of repression. border-spacing: 0;
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